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Ethics (Penguin Classics), by Benedict de Spinoza
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A profoundly beautiful and uniquely insightful description of the universe, Benedict de Spinoza's Ethics is one of the masterpieces of Enlightenment-era philosophy.
Published shortly after his death, the Ethics is undoubtedly Spinoza's greatest work - an elegant, fully cohesive cosmology derived from first principles, providing a coherent picture of reality, and a guide to the meaning of an ethical life. Following a logical step-by-step format, it defines in turn the nature of God, the mind, the emotions, human bondage to the emotions, and the power of understanding - moving from a consideration of the eternal, to speculate upon humanity's place in the natural order, the nature of freedom and the path to attainable happiness. A powerful work of elegant simplicity, the Ethics is a brilliantly insightful consideration of the possibility of redemption through intense thought and philosophical reflection. The Ethics is presented in the standard translation of the work by Edwin Curley. This edition also includes an introduction by Stuart Hampshire, outlining Spinoza's philosophy and placing it in context.
For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.
- Sales Rank: #18087 in Books
- Published on: 2005-07-26
- Released on: 2005-07-26
- Original language: Dutch
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 7.75" h x .50" w x 5.05" l, .37 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 208 pages
Review
The noblest and most lovable of the great philosophers ... ethically he is supreme. (Bertrand Russell)"
About the Author
Benedict de Spinoza was born in Amsterdam in 1632, where his orthodox Jewish family had fled from persecution in Portugal. Spinoza was expelled from the synagogue for his heterodox philosophy, and earned his living as an optical-lens grinder. He identified God with nature and denied the possibility of an act of creation. Ethics was published in 1677 after his death and explored a doctrine which inspired the Romantic poets.
Edwin Curley is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Michigan and editor and translator of Spinoza's Collected Works.
Stuart Hampshire was elected a Fellow of All Souls in 1936 and was a tutor in philosophy. He has held numerous presitigious academic posts.
Most helpful customer reviews
87 of 95 people found the following review helpful.
Kindle Buyers Beware
By Rawley
If you are misled into ordering the Kindle "format" of this book under the impression that it is the Penguin Classics edition with Curley's translation and notes and Hampshire's introduction, you are in for a disappointment. You get another translation entirely (apparently by Anon.), no notes, and no introduction. Yet the Kindle version is presented on the Amazon website as if it were the equivalent of the Penguin Classics edition.
86 of 94 people found the following review helpful.
Philosophy by a Master
By James Leis
Ethics is a towering work by an absolute genius, a mathematical definitive explanation of G~d, the universe and man's place in it. Read it not because you think you must fight through `great philosophy', but for its beautiful symmetry of ground breaking rational thought. I eagerly recommend this work to anyone interested in exploring their thoughts on philosophy, religion and psychology. If anything, Ethics obtains renewed relevance in the post-modern 21st century and its unfolding events.
Imagine setting out as an objective to describe human existence and the "journey to inner freedom." To accomplishment that feat, we must first begin with G~d and the universe, then work our way through nature, religion, society, science, and evolution until we can frame the essence of man. Imagine then that we wish to make sense of the human paradox of violence, hate, love and passion, fear and hope, and give it a framework through which to view the world and gain serenity and purpose.
Imagine further that we do not wish to merely write yet another philosophical or Eastern spiritual text. We wish to supersede and encompass all these earlier attempts, including current thinking on Judeo Christian practice. While doing so, we shall set our bar high. We will extrapolate these beliefs and universal relationships as a geometric treatise in the manner of a mathematical proof, with definitions, axioms and propositions, and so demonstrate the possibility of reducing philosophy and the pursuit of human fulfillment to a scientific exercise.
Now imagine that we shall set out on our metaphysical journey during the Inquisition, when espousals contrary to the Church result in execution. Imagine that our thoughts are so revolutionary that even the heretics (mainly Protestants) and evolving philosophers with whom we must find safe harbor view our thoughts with alarm. Imagine ourselves cut off from public discourse, excommunicated from family and friends. Lastly, imagine we are frail and suffer from ill health, our views necessarily rendering us relatively penniless and unknown, hiding in modest obscurity. Now dear reader, we are ready to begin our book on the meaning of life despite the fact that we will never publish it for fear of death.
Most great thinkers name `Ethics' among their largest influences. Einstein espoused himself a Spinozan. It is certainly one of the most astounding and important books ever written.
His work changed my life. He not only filled in pieces of the puzzle I had missing, he rearranged them and gave them sense. I view almost all important constructs in life within his tautology. Please read Spinoza.
One last note: Readers may find one of the translations of his work more approachable. I plead with the reader not to allow the geometric treatise of his work to get in the way of accessing this most incredible accomplishment.
His astounding work is a testament to the blinding power of rational thought.
41 of 44 people found the following review helpful.
Understanding Ethics before judging it
By Philonous
The bad reviews may seem intimidating, but in actuality most of them are complaining about the kindle versions. However the rest of the bad reviews are not even worth reading either because they are written by pretentious and arrogant reviewers who think they understand Spinoza's ethics but obviously do not or because the reviewers are intellectually lazy that it's doubtful that they read additional scholarly sources that explains Spinoza's Ethics. It's discouraging that this book gets three stars (I will admit that the kindle version isn't very good), simply because some intellectually half-ass reviewers hardly tried to understand the context of Spinoza's philosophy.
I cannot completely explain how complex and beautiful this book is, and I cannot explain it all in this review. Hence, I am compelled to simplify it the best way possible, and I understand if my review is a little bit too simplistic to some more intelligent and well-informed reviewers. However I will give a concise and general over-view of the contexts of the Ethics so that many reviewers reading this would avoid stupid mistakes the bad reviewers make.
The Ethics is written by a 17th century philosopher Spinoza who was actually critiquing the Arabic/Jewish Medieval thought on God (Transcendence), Cartesian Dualism (mind-body problem and three Substance), Aristotelian teleology (final cause), self-righteous calvanistic moralism (pleasure and sex is bad), anthropomorphism of God (God is a jealous sky father who loves us), and superstition, etc. None of these criticisms are that explicit, but if you read scholars such as Wolfson, James Collins, Steven B. Smith, H.E. Allison, and many other memorable ones, you'll find out that Spinoza assumed that his contemporary educated audiences from the 17th century will know what he is talking about, since they were also dealing with similar context. Spinoza, however, was not only criticizing these philosophical and theological traditions, he also constructed a metaphysical system to solve the problems he sees in these traditions, and he also constructed it with therapeutic purposes: That is to exercise our Understanding to understand our passions (in terms of their cause) so we can form adequate ideas of them so we can become adequate causes (cause that derives from our understanding). Consequently, we form an intuitive knowledge that allows us to understand all things through the essence of God from the perspective of Eternity; supposedly this is an intellectual love for God which frees people from their bondage.
Consequently you have the Ethics, the most beautiful system brilliantly and elaborately created by a genius who believed that there is only One Substance with infinite attributes (two of which are thought and extension) and all modes participate in those two attributes. It seems like a daunting yet arbitrary belief, but it only seems so if you never read where Spinoza came from. Spinoza's Ethics is suppose to be a criticism and solution to the problems of the philosophical notion of God, free-will vs. determinism , morality, mind-body, etc. You should certainly try to understand them, but as to whether you accept the solutions and criticisms that Spinoza provided is really for you to decide.
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